The 1982 movie Poltergeist is widely regarded as a classic in the horror genre. Directed by Tobe Hooper and produced by Steven Spielberg, it tells the chilling story of a suburban family whose home is invaded by malevolent spirits. However, beyond the spine-tingling plot and groundbreaking special effects, Poltergeist is infamous for a much darker reason—the use of real human skeletons during the filming. This unsettling fact has fueled numerous theories and controversies, adding another layer of intrigue and horror to the film’s legacy. In this article, we delve into the grim reality behind the scenes, exploring why real skeletons were used, the reactions of the cast and crew, and the impact of this decision on the film and its legacy.
The Decision to Use Real Skeletons
Practicality Over Ethics
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the film industry was in a transitional phase regarding special effects and prop-making. Creating realistic human skeletons for a movie was a costly and labor-intensive process. As bizarre as it sounds today, the use of real human skeletons in movies was not unheard of at the time. They were relatively cheaper and more readily available than high-quality plastic or resin replicas. For the filmmakers of Poltergeist, this practical consideration played a significant role in their decision.
The Scene in Question
The notorious scene where the real skeletons were used occurs towards the climax of the movie. JoBeth Williams, who plays Diane Freeling, is pulled into a muddy pool in the family’s backyard, which becomes filled with skeletons and rotting corpses. According to Williams, she was unaware that the skeletons were real until after the scene was shot. The revelation that she had been working in such close proximity to actual human remains was shocking and deeply unsettling for her and many others involved in the film.
Cast and Crew Reactions
JoBeth Williams’ Experience
JoBeth Williams’ reaction to discovering the truth about the skeletons is well-documented. In interviews, she has expressed her horror and disbelief upon learning that the skeletons were not props but real human remains. The realization added a layer of genuine terror to her performance, which may have contributed to the authenticity of her fear on screen. Williams has recounted how she was assured by the crew that it was a common practice and nothing to be concerned about, but the knowledge haunted her long after filming concluded.
Other Cast Members
Other members of the cast also had strong reactions to the use of real skeletons. Craig T. Nelson, who played the family patriarch, and Zelda Rubinstein, who portrayed the medium Tangina Barrons, both expressed discomfort and unease. Rubinstein, known for her spiritual and mystical beliefs, reportedly had a premonition about the film’s troubled production, further adding to the eerie atmosphere surrounding the shoot.
The Crew’s Perspective
From the crew’s perspective, the decision to use real skeletons was primarily driven by the desire for realism and practical constraints. Special effects artist Craig Reardon, who worked on the film, has defended the practice, stating that using real skeletons was not unusual at the time and that they were sourced from legitimate medical supply companies. He emphasized that the decision was not made out of disrespect, but rather from a practical standpoint to achieve the desired visual effect.
The Curse of Poltergeist
Tragic Events Post-Production
The use of real skeletons in Poltergeist has been linked to the so-called “Poltergeist curse,” a series of tragic events and untimely deaths that befell several cast members after the film’s release. The most notable of these was the murder of Dominique Dunne, who played the eldest daughter, Dana Freeling. Dunne was strangled by her ex-boyfriend shortly after the film’s release and died at the age of 22. Another tragic loss was Heather O’Rourke, who played the youngest daughter, Carol Anne. O’Rourke died unexpectedly at the age of 12 due to complications from an acute bowel obstruction.
Impact on the Horror Genre
The curse surrounding Poltergeist has become a part of Hollywood lore, contributing to the film’s notoriety and mystique. It has also raised questions about the ethics and consequences of using real human remains in filmmaking. The tragedies that followed the film’s release have been interpreted by some as a form of supernatural retribution, although there is no concrete evidence to support such claims. Nevertheless, the legend of the Poltergeist curse continues to capture the imagination of horror fans and conspiracy theorists alike.
Ethical Implications and Industry Changes
A Shift in Standards
The revelation that real skeletons were used in Poltergeist sparked a broader discussion about ethics in the film industry. In the decades since the film’s release, there has been a significant shift in how props and special effects are created and used. Advances in technology have made it possible to produce highly realistic synthetic skeletons and other props, eliminating the need for real human remains. Additionally, there is now greater awareness and sensitivity regarding the ethical implications of using human body parts in entertainment.
Modern Practices
Today, the use of real human remains in film and television is heavily regulated and generally considered unacceptable. Modern productions rely on sophisticated prosthetics, CGI, and other special effects techniques to create realistic depictions of human anatomy. These advancements not only enhance the visual quality of films but also ensure that ethical standards are upheld, respecting the dignity of the deceased and the sensitivities of the audience.
The Legacy of Poltergeist
A Lasting Impact
Despite the controversies and tragedies associated with Poltergeist, the film remains a seminal work in the horror genre. Its innovative use of special effects, combined with a compelling story and strong performances, has ensured its enduring popularity. The use of real skeletons, while ethically questionable, contributed to the film’s authenticity and chilling atmosphere, cementing its status as a horror classic.
Lessons Learned
The story of Poltergeist serves as a cautionary tale for filmmakers and audiences alike. It highlights the importance of ethical considerations in the production process and the potential consequences of neglecting these principles. As the film industry continues to evolve, the lessons learned from Poltergeist will hopefully contribute to more responsible and respectful practices in the future.
Conclusion
The use of real skeletons in the 1982 movie Poltergeist is a haunting example of how practical decisions in filmmaking can have far-reaching ethical and emotional implications. While the decision was driven by a desire for realism and cost-effectiveness, it sparked controversy and contributed to the film’s notorious reputation. The tragic events that followed the film’s release have only added to its mystique, creating a lasting legacy that continues to intrigue and unsettle audiences. As we look back on this classic horror film, it serves as a reminder of the delicate balance between creativity and ethics in the world of cinema.
